A person or animal who harbors an infectious organism and transmits the organism to others while having no symptoms of the disease.

A newly identified clinically distinct infectious disease or the reappearance of a known disease after its decline.

The branch of public health science that focuses on how the environment influences human health.

Events that require a swift, intense response on the part of existing community resources.

Nurses are the first line of defense for these adverse outcomes.

CDC reports more than one-third of new HIV cases were acquired in this manner.

The stabilization of the community and the return of the disaster area to its previous state.

The presence and replication of an infectious agent in the tissues of a host, with manifestation of signs and symptoms.

This model illustrates the interaction of 13 factors that contribute to the emergence of infectious diseases.

Defined as, when there is contact between people and an environmental contaminant.

Unforeseen, serious and unique events that disrupt essential community services and cause human morbidity and mortality that cannot be alleviated unless assistance is received.

A continual dynamic method for gathering data about the health of the general public for the purpose of primary prevention of illness.

This type of disease can be transmitted to humans through contact with animals and birds.

These contaminants can be easily transmitted, result in high mortality rates, have major public impact, may cause public panic and social disruption.

The ability of the agent to produce an infectious disease in a susceptible host.

The slow progressive genetic changes that take place in DNA and RNA as organisms replicate in multiple hosts.

This principle states that if something has the potential to cause harm to the environment of humans, then measures should be taken if there is a lack of scientific evidence concering cause and effect.

Natural, accidental, terrorist attacks are types of this.

Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, E coli, are examples of these.

A temperature greater than 100, a cough, a sore throat are symptoms of this disease.

Rapidly emerging symptoms such as burns, difficulty breathing, or convulsions, result from this type of disaster.

The Chain of Infection is comprised of these three parts.

A sudden change in the DNA and RNA resulting in a new strain of the microorganism and people have little or no acquired immunity.

Source of contamination, environmental media and transport, point of exposure, route of exposure, and receptor population are parts of process.

Preimpact, impact, postimpact are parts of this.

Women are at increased risk for this if they are 24 years or younger, have multiple sex partners, do not use condoms, or exchange sex for money or drugs.

Asbestos, lead, radon are examples of this.

Areas used for short duration incidents, when moving would result in great hazard, or it is impractical to evacuate.

The presence and multiplication of infectious organisms without invading or causing damage to tissue.

The process by which organisms adjust and change to their environment.

The amount of contaminant that actually ends up in the systemic circulation.

Identification of hazards, analysis of vulnerability, assessment of risks are ways to do this.

The belief that no group of people should bear a disproportionate share of negative environmental health consequences regardless of race, culture, income.

The process when there is potential for massive explosion and fire as well as for long-duration events.

The time period between initial contact with the infectious agent and the appearance of the first signs or symptoms of the disease.

The type of immunity in which a large proportion of people are not susceptible to a communicable disease and the few people who are susceptible will not be likely to be exposed.

The study of the adverse effects of chemical, physical, or biological agents on people, animals, and the environment.

This process predicts who will be affected the most and identifies community resources that are available for a response.

The process where people in a hospital may be moved to another floor or area.

Answer 6pt

The constant or usual prevalence of a specific disease or infectious agent within a population or geographic area.

SARS, Avian Flu, H1N1, E coli are examples of this type of disease.

This number determines a person's level of exposure to a contaminant.

The framework that guides how the nation conducts all hazards.

Answer 7pt

Establishing the existence of an outbreak and describing cases by person, place, and time are essential parts to this.

West Nile Virus is primarily transmitted by this.

The process of using medical tests such as blood or urine collection to determine if a person has been exposed to a contaminant and how much exposure he or she has received.

The effort to prevent identified risks from causing a disaster, by lessening the impact, limiting damage, disease, disability, and loss of life.

Answer 8pt

An outbreak characterized by exposure to a common, harmful substance.

The field of public health science that focuses on the incidence and prevalence of disease or illness in a population from exposures in their environments.

The common organizational structure implemented to improve emergency response.

Answer 9pt

An outbreak resulting from direct or indirect transmission of an infectious agent from an infected person.

Limited availability of data on contaminants, limited understanding about exposures, long latency periods, resource intensive and inconclusive results are examples of this.

The structured, flexible framework that guides the response to disasters at all levels of governments, private companies, and nongovernmental organizations.

Answer 10pt

Answer 10pt